Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Proposition - Essay Example Anyway this report explicitly dissects its impact in utilizing most recent promoting apparatuses in the field of advertising, online networking showcasing. Online networking showcasing has become a significant piece of organizations today. Numerous enormous associations today utilize web-based social networking showcasing and plan explicit internet based life promoting systems so as to draw in new clients and ensure that they are in contact with them so web-based social networking can help in fulfilling the clients (Kim, and Ko, 1480-1486). Online life advertising is likewise significant in building all the more long haul clients and increasingly faithful clients (Mangold, , and Faulds, 357-365). Various organizations have revealed improvement in deals and benefit also in light of utilizing web-based social networking promoting (Fisher, 189-195). Consequently this report plans to break down the impact of IT in the advertising of organizations especially with an emphasis on the job of web based life promoting in organizations today. Online life showcasing has been viewed as today as the most recent development in the field of promoting a nd this stage has energized countless business visionaries and advertisers. Many anticipate that the eventual fate of internet based life is extremely brilliant (Asur, and Huberman). Asur, Sitaram, and Bernardo A. Huberman. Anticipating the future with social media. Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT), 2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on. Vol. 1. IEEE,

New Student Photo Series 2011 Post #11 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Series 2011 â€" Post #11 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog My name is Ana Berenguer, an incoming MPA student, and I would like to share some pictures with you: I took these two pictures in December 2010 at one of the student contests organized by the Foundation that I manage. The student with the highest score of a multiple choice exam on History represents their school in the second phase of the Spanish Heritage History Bee, consisting of an oral examination with a panel of judges responsible for asking the oral questions until a winner is selected.   We prepared amazing awards such as an airline ticket to take a class on Spanish culture in Salamanca (Spain) during the summer of 2011….You may understand now the happiness of Miranda, the winner of Elementary, and the big nervous of Santino. This is a great phone pic of Miami way of life: my little boy at the pool the day he turned 5 months, only a few days ago. I would say the best thing about Miami is its great location: only 2 hours and ½ flight far from great places such as Chicago, Mexico, Colombiaand 5 hours to one of my long dreamed trips: Peru. I took this picture at Matchu Pichu on November 2009, after 5 hard days of Inca Trail. Get away from my camera you curious llama!

Business Ethics Ethics And Practices - 1354 Words

Business ethics Business Ethics relates to policies and practices that regard potentially controversial issues. The business ethics will be the moral principles that will affect a business’s behaviour. Also most organisations pay their business managers to make decisions which will help the business to reach its aims and objectives. Businesses are part of the community therefore they are required to behaviour at a certain standard. Ethical activities Ethical activities will focus on making a positive impact and contribution to the community. Ethical firms also carefully consider the implications of what they are doing and the effect it might have on the community and the environment. It also relates to businesses who have a lot of power and whether they use it responsibly or selfishly. Values of businesses The values of businesses will vary depending on the company. These are defined by the behaviours and values which govern a business environment. Overall the values are a set of guiding principles that will encourage individuals in an organisation to make decisions based on the business’s stated beliefs and attitudes towards business practices within the industry. Professional ethics The professional ethics relate to how people behave in relation to their chosen careers. However professionals can lose the right to practice if they do not follow the rules of conduct laid down by their own professional institutes. This is because these professions are trusted by the publicShow MoreRelatedIncorporation of Ethics into Business Practices944 Words   |  4 PagesEthics can be described as, â€Å"moral principles that govern or influence a person’s behaviour†; therefore Business ethics can be described as, â€Å"written or unwritten codes of principles or values that govern decisions and actions within an organisation†. Thus if a business decides to conduct their actions with good ethics it has the power to influence a lot of how the business is run, also the whole atmosphere within the business and how the businesses interacts with its surroundings. A business canRead MoreThe Ethics Of An Unethical Business Practice1370 Words   |  6 Pagesunethical business practice can only come forth if the head of the entity decides to turn a blind eye to what is happening within the organization. Dependent on the ethical stance of those leading the company, the concern for social responsibility will or will not be sizable. Ethical Theories. In accordance to the ethical theories that are known to society Pharmacare’s actions can be gauged on an ethical scale. The theories range from Utilitarianism, Deontology, Virtue ethics, and Ethics of care.Read MoreEthics And Unethical Business Practices860 Words   |  4 PagesIn the past 20 years business failures, corporate scandals, and unethical CEO’s have been in the news on a constant basis. Enron, Worldcom, Hollinger International, Tyco, and Yahoo! suffered losses as a result of unethical business practices. Key factors, such as, productivity, retention of talented employees, business credibility, and legal issues decide whether a business will be successes or unsuccessful. The organization and its employee’s ethics, direct these factors to either increase or decreaseRead MoreBusiness Ethics And Ethical Practices1503 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness ethics and ethical practices have been focuses by many businesses in recent years. Busines s ethics can help the company to create and develop it workplace culture as well as to increase the productivity of employees. Due to the rapidly change and improvement of technologies, ethical practices within of the workplace have also been changed with the raising of new ethical issues. Many studies and researchers have indicated that it is very importance to identify and understand the impact ofRead MoreEthics And Ethical Business Practices1495 Words   |  6 Pagesethical business is very important, especially in today’s society. Even though a business may seem to be ethical, if any part of the business does not adhere to ethically business practices, it can cause major issues for a company. This happened to Microsoft when it was confronted for violating several antitrust laws. The concern was that Microsoft was creating a monopoly, particularly within in the internet browser industry. The result was that Microsoft was sued for unethical business practices. TodayRead M oreMarshall Petersons Business Practices And Ethics1501 Words   |  7 PagesMarshall Peterson’s business practices and ethics present a dilemma to the family business with substantial ramifications. Prior to making any assumptions or conclusions, I believe a clarification of the issues and the relevant facts would serve a great purpose. The relevant facts of the case are as follows: †¢ Marshall Peterson is not a Christian who is beginning to explore his faith. †¢ Peterson is a business owner of a small, local health store. †¢ Peterson has engaged in a business relationshipRead MoreBusiness Ethics And Practices Of Goldman Sachs3814 Words   |  16 Pageslist of each action/ practice that could be called a gray area. The problems to be investigated are the business ethics and practices of Goldman Sachs. There were several grey areas in which Goldman Sachs operated their business. Ethical Grey areas are situations and problems that don’t fit neatly into any existing mode of ethical analysis within the business (Marshall, 2007). Peter Drucker’s interpretation of business ethics is that personal ethics and business ethics cannot be separated. HeRead MoreBusiness Ethics, Its Current Practices And Various Aspects1388 Words   |  6 PagesCurrent Issue pertaining to Business ethics, its current practices and various aspects: Discrimination related to the employment in the businesses is one of the major ethical issues nowadays. It creates many problems in the workplace and can reduce the motivation level, loyalty and commitment with the firms. Discrimination on workplace can be defined as the imbalanced or unequal treatment with employees based on biases. This biasness may be based on age, sex, race, ethnicity, nation, language, religionRead MoreWhat is Business Ethics?741 Words   |  3 Pages In today’s business world businesses face the challenge of doing the right thing over doing the profitable thing more than ever before. For many years the sole purpose of business was to be make profits for the shareholders. This view has now been changed. The propriety of business actions is being challenged by the modern day consumer. One of the major issues or opportunities (depending on which way one may see it) is the issue of ‘going-green’. Consumers in today’s society have access to a largeRead MoreThe Implications Of Business Ethics For Human Resource Management1457 Words   |  6 Pagesof business ethics for human resource management? Explain the potential role(s) of human resource managers in the ethical conduct of business. Provide examples where appropriate. Essay The concept of business ethics is gaining more and more attention from many different organisations. Business ethics relate to the ethical judgments of what is right and wrong in an organisation (Sparks et al. 2010, p.2). Human resource management in particular, demonstrates the implications of business ethics through

The Committee System in Congress - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 554 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Business Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? The modern committee structure stems from the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, the first and most ambitious restructuring of the standing committee system since the committee system was first developed. A congressional committee is a legislative sub-organization in the United States Congress that handles a specific duty. Congress divides its legislative, oversight, and internal administrative tasks among approximately 200 committees and subcommittees. Specifically, there are 20 committees, 68 subcommittees, and 4 joint committees. Although the Senate committee system is similar to that of the House of Representatives, it has its own guidelines, within which each committee adopts its own rules. This creates considerable variation among the panels. This report provides a brief overview of the organization and operations of House and Senate committees. Although Congress has used committees since its first meetings in 1789, the 1946 legislative Reorganization Act set th e foundation of today’s committee system. The house and Senate each have their own committees and related rules of procedure, which are similar but not identical. Within the guidelines of chamber rules, each committee adopts its own rules addressing, organizational, structural, and procedural issues; thus, even within a chamber, there is considerable variation among panels. Within their respective areas of responsibility, committee generally operate rather independently of each other ad of their parent chambers. The difficult task of aggregating committees’ activities, and of integrating policy in areas where jurisdiction is shared, falls largely to the chamber’s party leadership. Congress has three types of committee; select, standing, and joint committee. A select committee is established because the existing standing committee system does not address and issue comprehensively, or because a particular even sparks interest in an investigation. A select co mmittee is maybe permanent or temporary. Special committees tend to be similar in constitution and function and that distinction from select committees is generally thought to be only semantic. Standing committees are permanent panels identified in chamber rules. The rules also list the jurisdiction of each committee. Because they have legislative jurisdiction, standing committees consider bills and issues and recommend measures for consideration by the respective chambers. They also have oversight responsibility to monitor agencies, programs, and activities within their jurisdictions, and in some cases in areas that cut across committee jurisdictions. Most standing committees recommend authorized levels of funds for government operations and for new and existing programs within their jurisdiction. Standing committees also have jurisdiction over appropriations (in the case of the Appropriations committees), taxation (in the case of the House Ways and Means and Senate Finance C ommittees), Carious other revenues such as user fees, and direct spending such as Social security, veterans’ pensions, and some farm support programs Select committees usually are establish by a consider measures. Joint committees are made up of Members of both chambers. Today, they usually are permanent panels that conduct studies or perform housekeeping tasks rather that consider measures. A conference committee is a temporary joint committee formed to resolve differences in senate and House passed versions of a particular measure. The roster of each committee is officially approved by a full vote of its house. However those decisions (including who will serve as chair of each committee) are actually made by the party leadership. Considerations in making the assignments include each members areas of expertise, the interests of their constituents, and seniority. Political favors also often come into play in committee assignments. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Committee System in Congress" essay for you Create order

Youth Violence Essay - 1223 Words

Youth Violence Youth violence is an escalating problem in American society today. There are many different factors that can be blamed for this problem. During the last decade of the twentieth century people began searching for answers to this dilemma which is haunting America. Many tragic school shootings have taken place within the last decade that have gained the attention of the public. As of now, no one can give the right answer to the problem or the reason that it happens because there is no right answer yet and nobody can be sure that they know the cause. All we have to go by are the opinions of different people. The most popular cause of the problem of youth violence is the media. In â€Å"The Erosion of Empathy,† Sissela†¦show more content†¦Suicide and murder rates among white teenagers resemble those of white adults, and suicide and murder rates of black teens track those of black adults. (Males 258) 3 This statement brings up another opinion, the opinion that children’s behavior stems from their parents’ or elders’ behaviors. A young male, who is brought up in a violent household, is more likely to be violent outside of the home. This idea brings us back to the saying monkey see, monkey do; what children see is what they will do. Among our many solutions to youth violence is the idea that too many guns are not the problem, but too few guns is the problem. â€Å"The Colorado Legislature is currently debating a bill to further enhance the state’s conceal-carry statute. Those backing the measure say that a teacher or administrator with a concealed gun could have stopped, or greatly minimized, the Littleton tragedy.† (Lee 255) Lee says, â€Å"Blaming guns for such incidents†¦is ludicrous.† His solution to our rising problem of youth violence is not censoring the media, but is bringing more guns in the mainstream. This does not mean childr en walking around school armed. It means putting more guns into the right hands. At first glance this proposals sounds pretty good. When one puts some thought into it, it somewhat changes their perspective on the issue. Does this solution seem ethical; giving gunsShow MoreRelatedViolence in Youth1171 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Youth violence is defined as violent behaviour that begins early in life and continues throughout subsequent stages of life. Youth violence may include physical and emotional harm, and minor crimes, escalating to murder (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). Youth are recognized as being between the ages of twelve and twenty-four however, teens are the most affected by violence than any other group of youths as they are habitually perceived as the most violent age groupRead MoreInterventions to Decrease Youth Violence846 Words   |  3 Pages Youth violence has been a wide spread problem for many years. There have been many studies done to help find ways of intervention to help decrease the rates of youth violence. Though, it may not seem like it, but right now youth violence is at its all-time low, â€Å"although overall rates of youth violence have declined since the mid-1990s, rates of some forms of youth aggression, violence, and crime remain high. National data r eveal that, each year, about 15 percent of high school youth are involvedRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On Youth Violence Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Violence is everywhere and due to this notion people find ways to accept it. Violence is part of the national mythology. Meaning violence is a social construction. Violent acts cannot be wholly understood unless we examine them as but one â€Å"one link in the chain of a long process of events† (Schmidt Schrà ¶der 2001, 7). Violence and the responses to it are socially constructed, they are phenomena viewed and interpreted in many different ways. For example, individuals become a productRead More Youth Violence Essay707 Words   |  3 PagesYouth Violence Violence is a learned behavior. Children often experience violence for the first time in their lives in their homes or in the community. This first taste of violence may include their parents, family members or their friends. Studies have shown that children who witness violent acts, either as a victim or as a victimizer, are more likely to grow up to become involved in violence. During our second weekend class, we talked specifically about violence and youth. For manyRead More Youth Violence Essay597 Words   |  3 Pages Youth Violence nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ever since the terrible tragedy at Columbine High School, there has been a numerous list of recent school shootings in America. Youth violence is a major issue in today’s society. Many people dread what causes adolescents to be so violent, committing horrible crimes.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are many wonders that go around about why young adolescents commit such violent crimes. These questions vary from why kidsRead MoreViolence Among Youth3553 Words   |  15 Pagesgreat nation. In India, 480 million are less than 19 years old. India has 20% of the world’s children. [1] The recent years have seen an unprecedented increase in youth violence, often lethal violence, all around the nation. Anecdotal evidence of increase in violence by young people against women and old people, of road rage, of violence in schools, and other violent actions to get whatever they want is alarming. This epidemic, as many social analysts called it, caused serious concern to both parentsRead MoreViolence Among Youths2563 Words   |  11 PagesRecently, an increasing number of North American youth are committing violent crimes. Although the consequences of these violent crimes are easily apparent, the causes behind them are often abstract and obscure, making it difficult to pin blame on a single source. Moreover, this deviant behaviour among young people can be attributed to a combination of several generalized factors. Leading contributing factors of youth violence include the media, the influence of family life, widespread abuse ofRead MoreIncreasing Violence Amongst You th1420 Words   |  6 PagesYouth violence is an increasing concern in our society. Violence, as defined in Websters online dictionary, is an intense, turbulent or furious and often destructive action or exertion of (physical) force so as to injure or abuse. There is a growing perception that there is a steady rise in violence amongst todays youth, and with this increased attention, comes many sources of blame for their actions, however, all but one are simply excuses. There is a lack of hard evidence to support theRead MoreYouth Violence And Its Effect On Children1637 Words   |  7 PagesSince the year 2000, youth violence has been one of the biggest concerns in almost every community. In my research I decided to evaluate the study of youth violence. Youth violence is said to start since the early days of childhood and lead onto the teenage years of a child. When talking about youth violence, the child may not only be an offender but they can be a victim of violence as well. Bullying, punching, slapping, kicking, teasing, and verbal abuse are all behaviors and forms of mistreatmentRead MoreViolence And Its Effect On Youth Essay2153 Words   |  9 Pages Violence and Its Effect on the Youth Clarissa Weis Caledonia- Mumford High School ABSTRACT Children’s minds are extremely malleable when they are growing up, making them more susceptible to believe domestic violence is normal or acceptable. It can have a dangerous effect on the child’s personality making them more aggressive or depressed, and leading to major issues in their future such as substance abuse, suicide, being an abuser, or they look for abusers for company. It is

Business Communication for Media and Discourses-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Communication for Media and Discourses. Answer: Introduction The essay helps in analysing the different kind of difficulties in the process of communication in the different kind of organizations. The different kind of communication theories has to be analysed in an effectual manner wherein this will help in solving the different issues regarding the dress code policy in the respective advertising company. The importance of the business communication theories has to be analysed effectually as this will help the company in convincing the employees to adhere to the new policies of the company. Overview of the case The case is related to the difficulty faced in communicating with the individuals of the different levels in the organization. In the present scenario, the organization that has been taken is advertising company and the issue that has been raised in the case is relating to the dress code policies that has been applied for all levels of the company. The employees or the staff members of the company has to wear company logo shirts for the entire day. However, the new decision has caused different kind of informal issues in the organization, on the other hand the higher officials are not in a position to overturn the decision. There have been communication issues in the organization that has to be solved effectually with implementation of different kind of communication theories. The different kind of theoretical models and practices has to be analysed in an appropriate manner that will create huge understanding on the issues and solve them appropriately. Importance of Communication at workplace Communication is essential in the advertising company for the entire development of the organization. It helps the managers in performing the basic functions of the management that includes planning, motivating and organizing the different functions in an effectual manner (Tamburrini et al. 2015). Communication acts as the source of information for the decision-making process and it helps in identifying the alternative course of the action as well. There are different kind of models that can be used that includes communication, transactional and linear model to solve the communication barrier and gap between the employees of the organization. Communication is the basic feature of the management wherein it helps in increasing the morale of the employees in the organization. It is done through non-verbal and verbal communication and this helps them in meeting the different requirements of the individuals effectively. Lastly, it can be seen that the communication will help in building the attitude of the individuals in an effectual manner to form the different attitude pf the individuals. Communication is essential in nature in the organization wherein this will help in solving the different kind of dilemmas in the communication between the higher officials of the organization along with the lower level employees. There are different models and theories of communication that can be used by the respective company as this will provide chance to the staff members to place their views on the dress code change, as this will assist the entire organization in implementing the changes accordingly. Importance of internal communication Proper internal communication is essential in the respective company as this will help in functioning of the different kind of effective relationship among the individuals. From the scenario, it can be seen that it will provide the employees with essential information about the jobs, environment of the organization as well. Proper communication will help in motivating and building trust among the individuals effectually (Andrews and Shimp 2017). Proper basis will be created for the different individuals along with groups in the organization to make and create hopes and this will provide morale to the employees in order to convince them in an appropriate manner. The process of communication has to be adopted in an effectual manner wherein the communication networks will help in making the complex situation easier. As the manager of the advertising company, I would be implementing different kind of basis wherein the Theories of Business Communication It has been seen that there are different kind of communication barriers and issues in the advertising organization wherein the decision-making process of the senior management has implemented the new dress codes for the individuals of all the levels in the organization. However, there has been different kind of informal miscommunication between the different employees in different levels and the top officials did not overturn their decisions as well. As a manager, I think proper communication is essential in nature in the organization as this will help in increasing the morale of the employees and they will be feeling valued as well. The decision-making process has to be efficient in nature as this will help in making the flow of communication effective (Hancock and Rubin 2015). Effective communication will assist the organization in controlling the process of the entire management and socializing helps them in changing the different perceptions of the employees in the organization as well. Proper communication models and theories help in reflecting the idealistic aspirations of the theorists and this will assist in analysing the contribution of the organizational control and communication becomes easier in nature as well to complete the tasks effectively. Tompkins and Cheneys Organizational Control Theory is one of the communication theories that is the extension of the Webers classic theory wherein it is said that the organization needs to exercise the power in a simple and concertive manner. With the implementation of this respective theory, the advertising company needs to understand the different needs and preferences of the individuals and perform the task in an effectual manner as well (Hargie 2016). With the implementation of the organizational information theory, the theory will help in providing insight into the different kind of unique methods wherein the same can be utilized in the organization as well. The Uncertainty and Reduction theory of communication will help in understanding the different risks and solve them in an effectual manner. Proper planning is involved in this phase that includes the communication is guided by rules and regulations and the rules will be less in nature as well. The different attitudes, beliefs along with interactive communication has to be adopted by the company as this will help in providing the information to the different level employees properly (Cardon and Marshall 2015). Structurational theory is the other theory that can be adopted by the respective advertising company wherein this will help in making the entire structure conceptual in nature and solve the different kind of issues effectively (Barnlund 2017). The problem that is faced by the staff members of advertising company can be reduced with implementation of structurational theory as the behaviour and structure are intertwined in nature and this will help in providing importance to the decision-making strategy of the individuals in an effectual manner (Dainton and Zelley, 2018). In order to solve the different issues in the organization, the Deetzs Managerialism Theory can be used by the company with implementation of the managerial perspectives. The managerial perspective can be influenced by the respective theory wherein it helps in understanding the beliefs of the individuals to provide them equal importance and solve the issues in a strategic manner (Geise and Baden 2015). The respective managerial theory has to be applied as this helps in enhancing the potentiality of employees and this acts as the motivating force for increasing and implementing greater efficiency along with productivity as well (Meuter et al. 2015). With the implementation of the good communication skills, it will help the organization in providing the ability communicate in an effectual manner (Siegman and Feldstein 2014). The Deetzs Managerialism Theory can be used by them as this will assist in implementing managerial functions in an effectual manner that will provide the ability to communicate with the other individuals effectively. Proper friendly image has to be created with the communication skills between the higher and lower level staff members that will establish friendly relationship between the individuals in the organization as well (Hashim 2015). For this particular situation, the communication accommodation theory can be applied by advertising organization that has been developed by developed by Howard Giles (Gallois and Giles 2015). With the help of this theory, the respective company can implement different strategies that the individuals will help in adopting to the different communication strategies and reduce the social differences. In the particular situation, it has been seen that there are different kind of issues in the organization wherein the higher officials did not overturn the dress code change policy and there were informal issues among the lower level staff members who did not want such change to occur in the workplace (Bargiela-Chiappini and Nickerson 2014). As the manager, I will be implementing the communication accommodation theory as this will assist the lower level employees in understanding the situation and I will be communicating with them individually and make them understand the importance of the company logo shirts (Giles, Gasiorek and Soliz 2015). With the communication accommodation theory, I will assist them in fixing a particular meeting with both the parties and understand their queries effectually. I will be gaining knowledge on the same and then convince the staff members of the organization to understand the necessity of the dress codes efficiently (Dragojevic, Gasiorek and Giles 2015). Proper convincing power is essential in nature in the organization as this will help in providing proper understanding on the requirement of the dress code and this will assist in reducing the different kind of social differences. The communication accommodation theory will help the entire company along with both the parties to adopt the communication of the lower level employees to the senior level employees. While communicating with one another, there will be different kind of similarities and dissimilarities in the speech of both the parties, however such things has to be handled in an effectual manner and accommodate the style of the communication that will be best fit in the organization. The communication accommodation theory helps in reducing the different conflicts in the effectual manner. Proper analysis of both the behaviours has to be done in an effectual manner that will help in finding reasonable solutions to get effective results. Lastly, proper communication accommodation theory helps in understanding the issues and solving them effectively and make the communication process effectual in nature. The process of communication will help in affecting the communication in an effectual manner. When the junior employees of the organization are communicating with the higher-level employees, it is required for both the parties to accommodate to the requirements of the same and this will help in hiding the different kind of differences in an effectual manner as well. In this scenario, proper ascertainment is required to be maintained in an effectual manner in the organization as this will help then manager in accommodating the needs of the employees and solve the issues effectively by convincing them to adopt the dress code that is helpful for them. The manager will make the higher officials understand the different difficulties and solve them effectually as well. Furthermore, the manager of the organization has to communicate properly and in an effective manner wherein this will help them in gaining competitive advantage in comparison to the different competitors and this will help them in solving the issues effectually. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that proper communication theories have to be analysed in an effectual manner as this will help in solving the different issues appropriately. The different communication accommodation theory can be applied by the advertising company in such a manner that will assist them in influencing the decisions effectively and solving them effectively. It has been seen that the communication accommodation theory is guided by the different norms and regulations that has to be followed by the employees in the organization. Furthermore, it has been seen that the communication accommodation theory is beneficial in nature wherein it includes the different kind of social behaviour of the individuals in the organization. As the manager, I tried to solve the informal issues in the organization with the theories of communication that will be adhered to the employees to follow the business policy that is new in nature. Lastly, the communication barriers are required to be removed with different strategic implementation in an effectual and appropriate manner. References Andrews, J.C. and Shimp, T.A., 2017.Advertising, promotion, and other aspects of integrated marketing communications. Nelson Education. Bargiela-Chiappini, F. and Nickerson, C.R., 2014.Writing business: Genres, media and discourses. Routledge. Barnlund, D.C., 2017. A transactional model of communication. InCommunication theory(pp. 47-57). Routledge. Cardon, P.W. and Marshall, B., 2015. The hype and reality of social media use for work collaboration and team communication.International Journal of Business Communication,52(3), pp.273-293. Dainton, M. and Zelley, E.D., 2018.Applying communication theory for professional life: A practical introduction. Sage publications. Dragojevic, M., Gasiorek, J. and Giles, H., 2015. Communication accommodation theory.The international encyclopedia of interpersonal communication. Gallois, C. and Giles, H., 2015. Communication accommodation theory.The international encyclopedia of language and social interaction. Geise, S. and Baden, C., 2015. Putting the image back into the frame: Modeling the linkage between visual communication and frame?processing theory.Communication Theory,25(1), pp.46-69. Giles, H. ed., 2016.Communication accommodation theory: Negotiating personal relationships and social identities across contexts. Cambridge University Press. (Giles 2016) Giles, H., Gasiorek, J. and Soliz, J., 2015. Recent developments in communication accommodation theory: Innovative contexts and applications.Language and Communication,41(1), pp.1-100. Hancock, A.B. and Rubin, B.A., 2015. Influence of communication partners gender on language.Journal of Language and Social Psychology,34(1), pp.46-64. Hargie, O., 2016.Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge. Hashim, J., 2015. Information communication technology (ICT) adoption among SME owners in Malaysia.International Journal of Business and Information,2(2). Meuter, R.F., Gallois, C., Segalowitz, N.S., Ryder, A.G. and Hocking, J., 2015. Overcoming language barriers in healthcare: A protocol for investigating safe and effective communication when patients or clinicians use a second language.BMC health services research,15(1), p.371. Siegman, A.W. and Feldstein, S. eds., 2014.Nonverbal behavior and communication. Psychology Press. Tamburrini, N., Cinnirella, M., Jansen, V.A. and Bryden, J., 2015. Twitter users change word usage according to conversation-partner social identity. Social Networks, 40, pp.84-89.

Things Fall Apart Study Guide and Discussion Questions

'Things Fall Apart' Study Guide and Discussion Questions Things Fall Apart is a famous novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe. Its considered an important work in world literature, albeit a controversial one. The book has been banned in some places for its negative portrayal  of European colonialism. The book is split into three parts showing the reader the negative effects of colonization on the main characters tribe. It also shows how Christian missionaries work to convert the African population helped to forever alter their culture. The book was written in 1958 and became one of the first books from Africa to become world renowned. It is seen as an archetype for the modern African novel. This is a recommended book to read in a book club because of the depth of the work. Plot Summary Protagonist Okonkwo becomes a successful farmer and earns titles and respect in his community, even though his father, Unoka, was seen as lazy, making him a disrespected laughingstock. His father is a source of shame for Okonkwo, whos strived to be everything his father has not. Hes domineering over his family as a result, and his overarching desire to always seem manly leads to his downfall. He takes in a ward, given to him to care for as a peace offering to avoid war with the neighboring Mbaino community. An oracle says the boy must be killed, but Okonkwo is advised not to do it. He does it anyway. But its after the accidental killing of a leader in his community that he and his family are exiled for seven years. When they return, they find that much has changed in their community because of white missionaries coming to town. Theyve set up a prison, a European-style court of law, a church, school, and hospital. Okonkwo doesnt understand why the people havent revolted against these oppressors. Then, the benevolent Mr. Brown is replaced by a strict reverend who isnt interested in the peoples existing culture. Violence eventually ensues, and the local leaders are eventually taken down by the colonizers. Okonkwo cannot cope and ends his own life. Main Characters These are the main characters in the novel: Okonkwo: protagonist whose fatal flaw is his inability to adapt to change and his reverence for needing to appear tough and manlyIkemefuna: clever, resourceful boy, ward of Okonkwo, whom he kills to not appear weak; given to Okonkwo to avoid warNwoye: son of Okonkwo, who becomes a Christian, a sensitive boyEzinma: daughter of Okonkwo, bold, her fathers favorite; the only surviving child of EkwefiEkwefi: Okonkwos second wifeUnoka: Okonkwos father, whom Okonkwo strives to be the opposite of; Unoka is lazy and enjoys music and conversation; is gentle, cowardly, and not ambitious; thus, he doesnt have the respect of the townsfolk.Obierika: best friend of OkonkwoOgbuefi Ezeudu: the elder of UmuofiaMr. Brown: missionary to Umuofia and Mbanta; patient, kind, respectful, open-minded person who builds a school and hospital in Umofia and encourages people to become literate to keep up with the rest of the world; represents colonizationthe Rev. James Smith: missionary who contrasts with Mr. Bro wn in that Smith is strict and doesnt compromise; has no interest in the native peoples culture; also represents colonization Major Themes In addition to the themes of the effect of colonization on African society and how cultures clash, there are personal themes as well. Readers can also examine how peoples character leads to their outcomes, such as in the case of how adaptable they are to change or inflexible (character is destiny). An examination of the book can look at human emotions and find commonalities and universals (people are people). The destiny theme can also be examined on a societal level. Achebe illustrates the complexity of the Igbo society and how it functions- unlike the authoritarian encroachers- without a strong central government. Is it destiny for the people to have been conquered, then? You can also examine how the community and people interact to find balance and function as a society. Historical Impact Things Fall Apart has become one of the most important books in African literature, as it was among the first major works to bring the African perspective to a worldwide audience and launched the continents modern literature. It even made Western anthropologists realize theyd been getting the story wrong and led them to a reexamine their methods and scholarship on Africas history and peoples. Though controversial to write a novel in the colonizers language, the book was able to reach more people that way, and Achebe was able to work untranslatable Ibo words into the telling so that people would be able to understand them through context as they read, rather than have a translator not achieve adequate subtleties of meaning. The book awakened pride in history and community for people in Africa and led them to realize that they could tell their own stories and that they were valid. Discussion Questions What is important about the title: Things Fall Apart? Is there a reference in the novel that explains the title?What are the conflicts in Things Fall Apart? What types of conflict (physical, moral, intellectual, or emotional) are present?How does Chinua Achebe reveal character in Things Fall Apart?How do the storys themes relate to the plot and characters?What are some symbols in Things Fall Apart? How do they relate to the plot and characters?Are the characters consistent in their actions? Are they fully developed characters? Are some characters more fully developed than others? How? Why?Do you find the characters likable? Are the characters persons you would want to meet?What is the central/primary purpose of the story? Is the purpose important or meaningful?  Do you think the novel is meant to be political? What point was the author trying to make? Did he succeed?Why is the novel so controversial? Do you think the book should be censored or banned? Should it be taught in schools ? How essential is the setting to the story? Could the story have taken place anywhere else?What is the role of family and community in this novel? How does it change with the arrival of Europeans? How does it change when the missionaries arrive?Does the story end the way you expected? How? Why? What point do you think the author was making with the conclusion of the novel? Does your perspective change knowing there is a sequel?Would you recommend this novel to a friend?How is religion portrayed in this novel? Do you think the Christian missionaries had a positive or negative impact on the characters?Whats important about the time period the novel is set in?Why do you think the authors decision to write the novel in English  rather than his native language caused controversy?What point is the author trying to make about the African identity? What problems  does the author outline? Does he offer solutions?

Wishing for an Ad that Works

Wishing for an Ad that Works Free Online Research Papers Advertisements can tell a reader about all kinds of products and services. They are all trying to get the reader to do something, whether if be to buy a product or service, or go to a certain rally to save the rain forests. The effectiveness of these advertisements is heavily dependent on what the ad looks like, its comparison with other ads, and what it says. The Make-A-Wish Foundation advertisement from the April 1997 issue of Premiere magazine is effective in accomplishing its goal. The first reason this ad is effective is that is it laid out in a way that gets the reader to look at it. The letter with the childs writing draws interest from the reader because it isnt something you normally would be looking for in a magazine. The picture of the girl with the dog at the bottom shows the writer of the letter, letting the reader make a visual connection with the person they are reading about. By keeping it black and white, the advertisers have added a sad tone to the page, making it hard to miss in a magazine otherwise filled mostly with lively colored ads. The next reason that this advertisement is effective is that it differs with most other ads from the magazine in how it goes about achieving its goal. Another ad from the same magazine shows a Honda Civic with one-liners about different cities and states that you could go to with the car. At the bottom of the advertisement it says Lots of greener pastures. One car. Make it a good one. The Civic Sedan. The Honda Civic ad is playing on the readers sense of adventure and having a good time, as are most other advertisements in the magazine. In contrast, the Make-A-Wish Foundation ad is trying to get the reader to have a sympathetic reaction to the young girls situation, and therefore contribute money to help her and others like her. Finally, the appealing to the readers sympathy is in itself a reason that the ad is effective. The letter is very sad, and the picture of the girl with the dog helps to bring out sympathetic feelings from the reader. The advertisers may have made an assumption that readers of Premiere, which is a magazine about movies, are dreamers or are maybe more likely to have an emotional response than say those of Guns and Ammo. By bringing a sympathetic feeling to a potential donator, they increase their chances of getting a donation, as it may ease the readers mind knowing they are helping to end the sadness. The Make-A-Wish Foundation advertisement from Premiere magazine is effective because of its layout, its different way of getting its point across, and its appeal to the readers sympathy. The advertisement is well done and is planned to attain maximum effectiveness for its target audience. Continued use of ads like this one suggests that they are indeed working. When many people see this type of advertisement, they call to donate money, and that is the bottom line that the advertiser is looking for. Research Papers on Wishing for an Ad that WorksAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementMind TravelComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyWhere Wild and West MeetHip-Hop is ArtRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsTwilight of the UAW

Criminal Justice and the rule of law Research Paper

Criminal Justice and the rule of law - Research Paper Example Substantive law controls the behavior of the governed and procedural fairness controls the behavior of the government and each of its organs and agents. In this regard, average citizens and the government have a responsibility to contribute to safety and security by complying with the rule of law which is the cornerstone of the criminal justice system. This research paper analyses individual and state responsibility within the rule of law underlying criminal justice by discussing substantive law and procedural fairness. In discussing individual responsibility, St. Leo University’s core value of responsible stewardship will be discussed to exemplify how an individual can avoid criminal behavior by acting responsibly and at the same time meet the ends of criminal justice contemplated by the rule of law: social control for community safety and security. Substantive Law and Individual Responsibility The substantive law within the criminal justice system, defines criminal conduct a nd prescribes punishment for committing criminal offenses (Siegel, 2009). For example, it is a crime of murder to intentionally kill another human being and the punishment for the crime of murder can be life imprisonment or state execution, depending on the jurisdiction in which the offence is committed. However, not all criminal offences are that well known. For example, an individual may know that criminal trespass is a crime, but may not know what constitutes criminal trespass. The individual may think it is perfectly lawful to enter a seemingly abandoned home and remove items of interest. In other words, ordinary citizens, who may not be familiar with all prohibited or criminal conduct and might without knowledge of the law, commit an offense. This is unfortunate, because it is a well-established principle of criminal law that ignorance of the law or mistake of the law is not a defence to criminal behavior (Loewy, 2009). A valid defense however, will be founded on the basis of i ntention. If an individual lacks criminal intent to commit a crime, the individual can be exonerated (Loewy, 2009). Criminal laws are constructed from public morals and public opinions (Siegel, 2009). Individuals can therefore simply choose to conduct themselves in accordance with public morals and public opinions of what is acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Even so, Marxist criminologists argue however, criminal justice and the rule of law is designed to protect the middle classes and the wealthy. While the wealthy amasses wealth, it is said that the â€Å"poor gets prison† (Vito & Maahs, 2012, p. 217). For example, conduct on the part of the wealthy for the purpose of amassing wealth is usually treated as a regulatory mishap or a minor offence, despite the harm this conduct brings to others. As Vito & Maahs (2012) explains, environmental damages caused by wealth industrial giants in the pursuit of greed has caused significant damages to others, their properties and has even caused the death of a many more. Similarly, fraud, embezzlement and other white collar crimes committed by the wealth or the middle classes hardly gets the king of punishment that poor criminals obtain for what is known as â€Å"street crimes† (Vito & Maahs, 2012, p. 217). In fact, many of the white collar crimes are never prosecuted (Vito & Maahs, 2012). Yet, it can still be up to the individual who is

Financial Reporting on Cement Roadstone Holdings Plc Dissertation

Financial Reporting on Cement Roadstone Holdings Plc - Dissertation Example In the year 2012, the operations of CRH Plc faced mixed economic conditions throughout all the countries in the world. For example, as on one hand the main markets in the United States faced improvement in its overall economic activity, while on the other side economic activity deteriorated in Europe, particularly in Netherlands due to a fall in the continued confidence of investors and consumers in Europe. As a result, the profit and earnings per share of the company in 2012 dropped by 5% and 7%, as compared to 2011. The profit and earnings per share of 2012 amounted to â‚ ¬674 million and 76.5c, whereas in 2011 it amounted to â‚ ¬711 million and 82.6c. The outcomes of 2012 resulted due to the progress in the operations of America helped by a strong recovery in residential construction which lead to an improvement in the overall economic activities in the United States. ... y components- Positive exchange effects of 2012 resulted due to the rise in the US dollar by 8% which lead to the rise sales and pre-tax profits by approximately 4%. Contributions by acquisitions made in 2011 and 2012 lead to a rise in sales revenue of â‚ ¬603million and operating profit of â‚ ¬33 million. Cost incurred in 2012 of â‚ ¬60million was similar to that of 2011(â‚ ¬61 million). Total impairment charges in 2012 were â‚ ¬174 million which was significantly higher than the previous year. In 2012, revenue generated from ongoing operations decreased by â‚ ¬384million. As compared to 2011, earnings per share declined by 7% (82.6c in 2011 to 76.5c in 2012) and cash earnings per share increased by 7% (194.0c in 2011 to 206.8c in 2012). In 2012 Operating profit margin declined to 4.5% and EBITDA margin by 0.4% as the selling price could not recover the increase in input costs. The price of the share of CRH Plc was â‚ ¬15.30 in 2012, as it showed a slight change as compared to 2011 (â‚ ¬15.36). But the dividend was 62.5c and the net return to the shareholders was positive 4%. The overall performance of CRH Plc. in 2012 shows a decline as compared to the performance in 2011. The decrease in the inventory turnover ratio and total assets turnover ratio as compared to 2011 also state the above. Total shareholders’ equity also remained unchanged in 2012 as the net comprehensive income for the year of â‚ ¬0.4 billion was balanced by dividends of â‚ ¬0.4 billion. The year-end net debt of â‚ ¬3 billion was only â‚ ¬0.5 billion lower than the previous year. This is reflected in the debt equity ratio, which also resulted in a decrease as to the previous year. The percentage of net debt to total equity reduced to 28%. But since assets were more as compared to the equity, proprietary ratio

Strategic Planning in the Australian Coffee market

Strategic Planning in the Australian Coffee market Industry/Market definition The Australian Coffee Industry comprises all the firms that offer products for sale that are derived from coffee beans. There are pure coffee products, ie whole and ground coffee beans, and instant coffee products. Each kind of product has its own target market. A market is the set of all actual and potential buyers of a product (Kotler et al 1998, p885). The pure coffee market consists of all the actual and potential buyers of whole or ground coffee beans. The instant coffee market consists of all the actual and potential buyers of instant coffee. For the purposes of this assignment, I will focus on the instant coffee market in Australia. Part1 Macroenvironment The marketing environment within which a company operates is dynamic. Its consists of a microenvironment, and a macroenvironment. The microenvironment is the forces close to the company that affect its ability to serve its customers. The macroenvironment is the larger societal forces that affect the whole microenvironment, (Kotler et al 1998, pp885-886) The macroenvironment consists of six types of forces: demographic, economic, natural, technological, political and cultural forces. A companys marketing strategy must take into account changes and trends in these environments that can present opportunities or pose threats. A successful firm is one that regularly modifies it marketing mix and strategies to adapt to these changes (Czinkota et al 2000, p17). Below I will outline the six macroenvironmental forces, and how they may affect the instant coffee market in Australia. Demographic environment Demographics are the study of human populations in terms of size, density, location, age, sex, race, occupations and other statistics (Kotler et al 1998, p105). The demographic environment consists of all the aforementioned demographic variables, and their ability to affect the Australian instant coffee market. The importance of the demographic environment lies in the fact that all demand for a product derives ultimately from people (Cannon 1998, p41). Kotler et al (1998, p113) noted that demographic developments have transformed the Australian marketplace from a mass market into more fragmented micro-markets differentiated by age, sex, geography, lifestyle, ethic background, education and other factors. Recent demographic trends in Australia are a better-educated and more white-collar population, increasing ethnic diversity, and changing age structures. The implications of such changes are that organisations must now design products and marketing programs for the specific micro-markets they wish to target. While all demographic variables have the potential to affect the instant coffee market in Australia, the area of particular significance is the emergence of ethnic micro-markets. Ethnic communities now make up a significant and growing part of the Australian population, who have clear product and brand preferences (Bradmore et al 1997, p88). Thus, there is now demand for a wider variety of coffee styles to suit ethnic tastes, which requires the development of new products and marketing strategies. For example, since ninety-five percent of all coffee drunk by Italians is espresso, (Barton 2000), many companies have developed instant espresso products. Economic environment The economic environment consists of the factors that affect consumer buying power and spending patterns (Kotler et al 1998, p113). Factor include income and employment levels, inflation levels, savings and credit conditions, the value of the Australian dollar and so on. This aspect of the macroenvironment is important to the Australian instant coffee market, as it is to any market, because consumers must have the purchasing power to back up their desire for the products. However, since non-price factors, such as branding, are a significant basis for competition for coffee products (IBIS World 2000, p8), changes in retail coffee prices will not have a huge effect on the market share of any one manufacturer. Despite that, economic factors that do affect the Australian coffee market include the value of the Australian dollar. Virtually all coffee beans are imported, and their prices vary with changes in the relative exchange rates (IBIS World 2000, p15). A low value of the Australian dollar, as is the present case, drives up input prices for manufacturers, which may be passed onto consumers. Furthermore, the Association of Coffee Producing Countries, which accounts for three quarters of world coffee-bean production, has announced plans to restrict the output of beans, which would mean it could control prices (Crawford 2000, p1). The effect of this possible price control is not yet known, but it could drive smaller manufacturers out of the market if the price increases are too high. Also, another issue is the level of disposable income of Australians. With an increase in income, consumers are increasingly likely to purchase higher quality products rather than to simply purchase more. Thus there is a growing market for higher quality and priced instant coffee. As noted in the IBIS World Report for C2179 Food Manufacturing, higher income facilitated the successful introduction of specialtycoffee products. (IBIS World 2000, p7). The GST is not applicable to coffee products, but GST on pure coffee products served at commercial premises could increase the market potential for instant coffee. Natural environment The natural environment concerns the natural resources that are needed as inputs by marketers or that are affected by marketing activities (Kotler et al 1998, p116). Today, there is a growing awareness of the need to preserve our planet, and that includes the need to protect our natural environment from the potentially harmful affects of industrial activities. Since coffee producers make use of the natural environment, there is a potential for this aspect of the macroenvironment to be quite significant to the Australian coffee industry. Consumers, more than ever, are beginning to boycott products that have been manufactured in such a way as to damage the environment. This is putting pressure on manufactures to ensure all procedures are environmentally friendly, or risk losing market share. Such issues that involve coffee manufacturing are the use of pesticides and chemicals, pollution from manufacturing plants, excessive water use in the production stage, and the effect of farming the land in regard to future erosion and depletion of natural minerals. Also, the supply and price of coffee beans to the Australian Coffee market is at the mercy of the natural elements. The IBIS World (2000, p27) Industry Report stated that coffee bean prices are forecast to increase sharply(as)the result of poor seasonal conditions in Central America and low stocks. Technological environment The technological environment is the forces that affect new technologies, creating new product and market opportunities (Kotler et al 1998, p889). Since coffee was discovered in around 1000AD (Nescafà © 2000), the methods used to grow, harvest, process and manufacture coffee products has certainly evolved. The use of irrigation systems, fertilisers, machinery in the harvest process, and the introduction of automated, computer controlled equipment (in Australian processing plants) has raised efficiency and, in many cases, has also improved product quality (IBIS World 2000, p25). However, the most recent influential forces concern advances in manufacturing processes, and developments of new coffee machines for home use. New technologies had made it possible for Australian instant coffee manufacturers to produce a wider range of products, of higher quality. For example, Nescafà © have recently introduced a new instant Cafà © Latte range, and also new instant Espresso. Also, using freeze-dried technology, instant coffee has a significantly longer shelf life than any product in the pure coffee market, which is a significant advantage. However, over the past few decades, the development of inexpensive coffee perculators and plungers has increased the attractiveness of pure coffee products, often at the expense of the instant coffee market. For example, Melitta House of Coffee recently introduced a coffee maker that makes 10-15 cups of coffee as quickly as boiling a jug. Lastly, the advent Internet shopping is allowing consumers to make purchases on-line, and from foreign suppliers, thus posing a threat to the size and profitability of the Australian coffee market. Political environment The political environment consists of the laws, government agencies and pressure groups that influence and limit various organisations and individuals in the society (Kotler et al 1998, p887). Like in all markets, organisations that operate in the Australian instant coffee market are subject to laws that regulate virtually all aspects of their business, including such areas as food and health safety, pollution emissions, and advertising and labelling requirements. However, the political environment does not have large impact on the Australian coffee market. Cultural environment The cultural environment consists of the institutions and forces that affect societys basic values, perceptions and behaviours (Kotler et al 1998, p882). Changes in Australian culture, and the emergence of varied sub-cultures can have a large impact on the instant coffee market in Australia. As Hugh Mackay, chairman of Mackay Research Pty Ltd stated: Anyone who is serious about communicating with contemporary Australiansneeds to understand the most contemporary trends in attitudes and behaviour. (Bradmore et al 1997, p62) Recent trends in Australia that are having a particular affect on the instant coffee market are the redefinition of health and associated anxieties about diet, fitness and stress, and the recent emergence of a young Australian coffee culture. Australians are, more than ever, concerned about their health. There is a wealth of research linking caffeine to many ailments, and thus, this is increasing demand for the healthy alternative decaffeinated products. There is also the threat the consumers could boycott coffee products all together, and switch to another beverage, such as tea, which is well known for its positive health benefits. In addition, the market for all types of coffee is benefiting from an era of coffee in AustraliaA real coffee culture is growing. (Miller 2000, p3) People are not only drinking more coffee, but becoming coffee connoisseurs. Coffee is no longer just a product, but a means of self-expression. As a society we are placing the emphasis on quality, not quantity, and as such consumers are buying more exotic instant coffees (Bannister 2000, p17). There has also been an emergence of many different subcultures. A subculture is a group of people with shared value systems based on common life experiences or situations (Kotler et al 1998, p123). Today, there is wide range of subcultures, particularly those based on nationalities, which is leading to demand for a wider variety of products. Part2 The marketing mix: How it is used by two companies to target the australian instant coffee market. There are many organisations that operate within the instant coffee market in Australia. Each company positions themselves with a unique marketing mix that is aimed at specific segments of the market. Kotler et al (1998, p57) defines the marketing mix as the set of controllable marketing variables that the company blends to produce the response it wants in the target market. The variables of the marketing mix are the four Ps: Product: the goods-and-service combination the company offers to the target market (Kotler et al 1998, p57). Price: the amount of money customers have to pay to obtain the product (Kotler et al 1998, p58). Place (Distribution): involves company logistics and marketing activities concerned with the making and distributing the final product (Kotler et al 1998, p58). Promotion: the activities that communicate the merits of the product and persuade the target customers to buy it (Kotler et al 1998, p58). This includes advertising, publicity, sales promotions, personal selling, direct marketing and sponsorship. I will focus on the marketing mix of Nescafà © and of Robert Timms. Nescafà © Nescafe products are produced by Nestle. Necafe holds a vary large share of the instant coffee market in Australia. Marketing mix outline Product There is a range of Nescafà © products available (see Table 1 below). Price The prices of the Nescafà © products have been listed in Table1: Nescafà © products and price. Place (Distribution) The Nescafà © product range is available in all large supermarket chains (Safeway, Coles etc). Smaller, independent grocers or stockists generally have a smaller range that would include Nescafà © Blend 43. Promotion a variety of promotional techniques. This includes: Large scale advertising They advertise their products in a wide variety of print, broadcast and display media. Their most recent nation wide advertising campaigns were the Open up with Nescafà © series, and the Nescafà © in the morning series. Sales promotions Nescafà © regularly runs contests that coincide with new product launches or advertising campaigns. Recent promotions were * win $1000 every morning for a month * Win the Nescafà © Latte Lounge to promote the new latte range Nescafà © also use point of sale promotions, have cash-back offers, and have give-aways. Eg. a free Nescafà © mug was given away with every purchase of 500g of Blend 43. The mug was the same type as that used in the Nescafà © in the morning advertisement series. Sponsorship: Nescafà © sponsors the * Nescafà © Big Break competition which will give away $180,000 to young people (aged 16-21) with original and achievable ideas. * Nescafà © Short Film Awards which offers a total of A$50,000 in cash awards to short film makers. There is a student category in this competition. Nescafà © also has an Australian website (www.cafe43.com.au) where information on all products, competitions and events can be accessed. Marketing mix analysis Nescafà ©s marketing mix is aimed at a large and varied segment of the instant coffee market. They could be considered the Myer of the instant coffee industry. The most obvious segments of the market they target are: * Young adult cafà © culture segment: They target this segment with their new latte range, along with the advertising, sales promotion and the competition to win the lounge seen in the advertisements. * Upscale, quality driven, higher income consumers: Their Nescafà © Gold range, and exotic tastes such as Alta Rice are aimed towards such consumers, where the price and qaulity are higher than that of the general blends. * Middle-class consumer (no age target): Nescafà © targets such a large segment with their Blend 43, Mild Roast and Espresso products. The consumer gets an economical benefit, as well as a quality product. Furthermore, Nescafà © attempts to tap into the ethnic segment using their Espresso and exotic blends. In their advertisements for espresso, they use local Italian actor, Nick Giannopoulos. In general, since Nescafà © has the largest range of instant coffee products in Australia, and has such a powerful brand name, they have a consumer franchise they gain brand recognition and demand consumer loyalty. In particular, their most popular product, Nescafà © Blend 43, is seen as the peoples coffee. In their advertisements, they use actors of varied age, gender, occupations and ethnicity. Robert Timms: Robert Timms is Australias oldest coffee company. It is the leader in the coffee bean market (Bannister 2000, p17), and has only entered the instant coffee market over the last couple of years. Marketing mix outline Product Robert Timms offers coffee bags (which work in the same manner as a tea bag) in four styles: Cafà © Style Espresso Italian Style Espresso Mocha Kenya Style Royal Special The coffee bags are a mix of ground and instant coffee. They also have: * Presmoto: Gourmet Freeze Dried Coffee. * Molto: Gourmet Granulated Coffee Price Robert Timms coffee bags are sold in: * packs of 8 for $2.35, or * packs of 18 for $4.83 I was not able to find the price of Presmoto and Molto soluble coffee as I could not find an outlet that stocks it. Place Robert Timms coffee bags are available in all large supermarket chains, but sporadically in independent stores. I am not aware of where the gourmet soluble coffee can be purchased. It was not available in any large supermarket I have visited. Promotion Robert Timms has only begun extensive promotion since early 2000, after remaining relatively low in profile. They do not promote the coffee bags or gourmet instant coffee specifically, but rather they promote the brand name. Promotional tools used by Robert Timms are: Large scale advertising Robert Timms most recent nation wide advertising campaign was the Think it over with Robert Timms series, which is seen on broadcast, print and display media. Sponsorship Robert Timms is the official coffee supplier to the 2000 Olympic Games. Robert Timms also has a web site (www.reoberttimms.com). It mainly has information on the history of the company and it products. Marketing mix analysis Robert Timms positions itself in the instant coffee market as a provider of the very highest quality coffee products. The company prides itself on its heritage. As it states on its web-site: We are a dedicated group of Australians producing coffee, coffee related products and services that are comparable to the very best in the world. http://www.roberttimms.com/about/index.html Opens in a new window The company has targeted its instant coffee products to the high income, quality driven segment of the instant coffee market. The quality of their products is reflected in the prices, which are expensive, and the packaging, which uses the stylish combination of black and gold. Furthermore, through their role as official coffee supplier to the Olympics, they are also associating themselves with the pursuit of excellence and the Australian spirit. Their promotional campaign Think it Overwith Robert Timmsà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ creates a relaxed, yet sophisticated feel about the company and their products. The premise behind the campaign is best summed up on their web-site: Take some time out of your busy day to enjoy our coffee and you too can Think it Overwith Robert Timmsà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ Reflect on the day, make the right decision at work or just decide to relax. Its up to you. http://www.roberttimms.com/think_it_over/index.html Opens in a new window Thus, while their marketing mix is targeted at high-income consumers who want high quality, they made sure they did not exclude a large share of the market by appearing overly elitist. Nescafà © vs. Robert Timms The marketing mix of Nescafà © and the marketing mix of Robert Timms are quite different. These differences reflect the different positioning of the two companies, and the segments of the market they were aiming to capture. Whereas Nescafe has targeted a larger percentage of the market, with quality but affordable products, Robert Timms has targeted a narrower segment with gourmet, expensive products. Generally, Robert Timms and Nescafà © are no real direct threat to each other. While they do both compete in the high quality, gourmet end of the instant coffee market, Robert Timms is clearly the highest quality product, and consumers must pay for this. What Nescafà © is offering is a more affordable alternative. Conclusion The instant coffee market in Australia is subject to the demographic, economic, political, cultural, natural and technological forces of the wider macroenvironment that it operates within. Each of these forces has the potential to change the marketing environment, and create opportunities and pose threats to the market and those who operate within it. What companies must do is monitor these environments to adapt its marketing mix accordingly. In the Australian instant coffee market, different companies have quite different marketing mixes, as can be seen when comparing Nescafà © and Robert Timms. These differences do not mean that one is more effective than the other, but rather they reflect the different marketing strategies adopted by each company to capture the market segments they feel the company can best serve.

Private School Vouchers Essay -- essays research papers

Proposals to use private school vouchers, a marketplace strategy, as a mechanism by which to improve the general quality of public education have produced a lively debate. Frequently, that debate has degenerated into a disagreement about whether public schools are as good as private schools or whether a given private school is better than a certain neighborhood public school. Other issues raised in these discussions include the appropriate use of public funds, the role of competition in improving public education, and the right of parents to choose a school for their children. Although these issues are of interest, they are not the fundamental questions which must be raised about the future of public schools in a democracy.Two Core Issues In their rush to the marketplace, the proponents of private school choice supported by public funds have chosen to ignore two core issues. First, the advocates of private school choice studiously avoid any discussion of the relationship between pub lic schools and the common or public good in a democracy. As an example, the Governor of Wisconsin asserts that "any school that serves the public is a public school" and should therefore receive public funds through a voucher system. There is no recognition in this proposal of the distinct and unique purpose of public education in serving the public good. This rhetorical sleight-of-hand does not mean that a private school of choice becomes a public school in purpose simply by so defining it. The claim is merely a device to divert public funds for private purposes.The failure to recognize that public schools have a central responsibility in a democratic society is further evidenced by the work of John Chubb and Terry Moe, who argue that improving the efficiency and quality of public education will require the replacement of democratic governance by market mechanisms. The authors state, "The most basic cause of ineffective performance among the nation's public schools is their subordination to public authority. ... The school's most fundamental problems are rooted in the institutions of democratic control by which they are governed".Chubb and Moe deny the historic purposes of public schools when they reject the idea that educational policy should be directed by a common vision or purpose. They assert, "It should be apparent that schools have no immutab... ...t serve them simply cannot endure and thrive in a climate of economic abandonment. Private school choice is a diversion sponsored by those whose collective economic decisions have made life in our urban community a daily struggle for survival. ReferencesChubb, John E. and Moe, Terry M. Politics, Markets, and America's Schools. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1990.Elam, Stanley, M., Rose, Lowell C., and Gallup, Alec M. "The 26th Annual Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup Poll of the Public's Attitudes Toward the Public Schools." Phi Delta Kappan (September 1994): 41-56.Henig, Jeffrey R. Rethinking School Choice: The Limits of the Market Metaphor. Princeton:Princeton University Press, 1994.Kelly, Elizabeth A. Education, Democracy, and Public Knowledge. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1995.Kozol, Jonathan. Savage Inequalities. New York: Crown Press, 1991.Plank, David N. and Boyd, William Lowe. "Antipolitics, Education, and Institutional Choice: The Flight From Democracy." American Educational Research Journal (Summer 1994): 263-281.Witte, John. Third Year Report: Milwaukee Parental Choice Program. Madison, WI: Robert La Follette Institute of Public Affairs, 1993.

The Mayans †Popol Vuh Summary

The Mayans – A Basic Summary on Popol Vuh and Xibalba Information on the Popol Vuh The Popol Vuh is one of the only remaining texts we have of ancient Mayan cultures. It is, for lack of a better word, their bible. In English its most direct translation is â€Å"Book of the Mat† but it can translate into its more meaningful name, â€Å"Book of the Community†. It encompasses a variety of stories and legends as well as a history of the mayan ancestors.Its most famous story is the creation myth of the Hero Twins. This myth explains how two abandoned twins ventured into the Mayan underworld called Xibalba and defeated the â€Å"bad† Gods and the arrogant Xibalbans people. They then ascended out of Xibalba to the sky where they became the sun and the moon. This book was an important source of cultural heritage to the Mayan people and the religions they practiced.It explains the importance of Maya as a divine place and culture, as well as introduces important fig ures such as the Maize God. After Bishop Diego de Landa’s eradication on Mayan literature, it is an extremely valuable source of information. Information on Xibalba Xibalba is to the Mayans what Hell is for us. It translates to something along the lines of, â€Å"the place of fear†. However, it has many important differences.For instance, instead of eternal damnation in one endless fiery pit (aka: Hell) there are seven chambers. Each chamber is a different challenge or nightmare that you have to face. The Mayans believe a person has five souls, one of which ventures into Xibalba. Depending on how evil you have been depends on how deep into Xibalba your soul goes. Again, the deeper you go, the worse it becomes. Xibalba has cultural significance because it develops the idea of key gods, religions and practices such as the Mayan ballgames.

Major Provisions Of The Queensland Law Essay - 1473 Words

Major Provisions of the Queensland law relating to Domestic violence Domestic violence is a growing concern in Australia. Police handled more than 3,000 domestic violence matters in just one suburb of Brisbane in the past 12 months and for the whole of Queensland, handled another 25,000 matters. The Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012 is the act of Parliament that deals with domestic violence. The key aims of the legislation are to provide immediate and short to middle term protection for aggrieved people. Under Division 2 number 8, domestic violence can be defined as â€Å"behaviour by a person (the first person) towards another person (the second person) with whom the first person is in a relevant relationship that— (a) is physically or sexually abusive; or (b) is emotionally or psychologically abusive (c) is economically abusive; or (d) is threatening; or (e) is coercive; or (f) in any other way controls or dominates the second person and causes the second person to fear for the second person’s safety or wellbeing or that of someone else as shown in Appendix A†. Violence occurs between intimate partners, husband and wife, ex - partners, step- parents, parents and their teenage or adult children as well as disabled people and their car er. (Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012). One of the major provisions of the Act is the provision of Domestic violence orders (DVO). 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